In This video you will watch about: Taj Mahal, Taj Mahal History in Urdu/Hindi, Shah Jahan & Mumtaz Mahal Love story, Shah jahan and arjumand begum love story, shah jahan and taj mahal, shahjahan story, taj mahal history in urdu/hindi, Taj Mahal, the magnificent monument that stands at the heart of India has a story that has been melting the hearts of millions of listeners since the time Taj has been visible. A story, that although ended back in 1631, continues to live on in the form of Taj and is considered a living example of eternal love. It's the love story of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal, two people from the course of history who set an example for the people living in present and the future to come.
An English poet, Sir Edwin Arnold best describes it as 'Not a piece of architecture, as other buildings are, but the proud passion of an emperor's love wrought in living stones.' The story that follows next will prove why the statement is true. Shah Jahan, initially named Prince Khurram, was born in the year 1592. He was the son of Jehangir, the fourth Mughal emperor of India and the grandson of Akbar the Great. In 1607 when strolling down the Meena Bazaar, accompanied by a string of fawning courtiers, Shah Jahan caught a glimpse of a girl hawking silk and glass beads.
It was love at first sight and the girl was Mumtaz Mahal, who was known as Arjumand Banu Begum at that time. At that time, he was 14 years old and she, a Muslim Persian princess, was 15. After meeting her, Shah Jahan went back to his father and declared that he wanted to marry her. The match got solemnized after five years i.e., in the year 1612.
It was in the year 1628 that Shah Jahan became the Emperor and entrusted Arjumand Banu with the royal seal. He also bestowed her with the title of Mumtaz Mahal, meaning the 'Jewel of the Palace'. Though Shah Jahan had other wives also, but, Mumtaz Mahal was his favorite and accompanied him everywhere, even on military campaigns.
Vijeo designer 6.1 download. In the year 1631, when Mumtaz Mahal was giving birth to their 14th child, she died due to some complications. While Mumtaz was on her deathbed, Shah Jahan promised her that he would never remarry and will build the richest mausoleum over her grave.
It is said that Shah Jahan was so heartbroken after her death that he ordered the court into mourning for two years. Sometime after her death, Shah Jahan undertook the task of erecting the world's most beautiful monument in the memory of his beloved. It took 22 years and the labor of 22,000 workers to construct the monument. When Shah Jahan died in 1666, his body was placed in a tomb next to the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal.
This magnificent monument came to be known as 'Taj Mahal' and now counts amongst the Seven Wonders of the World. This is the true story of the Taj Mahal of India, which has mesmerized many people with its bewitching beauty.' Tajmahal.org.uk' Haqaiq Info is educational, motivational, informational and inspirational YouTube Channel. Abdul Basit Rahi has been created this channel.
He aims to create this channel to educate the people by creating useful content. He is the editor of weekly Haqaiq News. Like us on Facebook: Our Website: haqaiq.news Follow me on Twitter: basit.rahi Find me on Google Plus.
Taj Mahal (India) Show map of India Cultural: i Reference Inscription 1983 (7th ) The Taj Mahal (;: ताज महल, meaning 'Crown of the Palaces') is an ivory-white marble on the south bank of the river in the Indian city of. It was commissioned in 1632 by the, (reigned from 1628 to 1658), to house the of his favourite wife,. It also houses the tomb of Shah Jahan, the builder. The tomb is the centerpiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which includes a and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a wall. Construction of the mausoleum was essentially completed in 1643 but work continued on other phases of the project for another 10 years.
The Taj Mahal complex is believed to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 at a cost estimated at the time to be around 32 million, which in 2015 would be approximately 52.8 billion rupees (827 million). The construction project employed some 20,000 artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor,. The Taj Mahal was designated as a in 1983 for being 'the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage'.
It is regarded by many as the best example of and a symbol of India's rich history. The Taj Mahal attracts 7–8 million visitors a year and in 2007, it was declared a winner of the (2000–2007) initiative. Contents. Inspiration The Taj Mahal was commissioned by in 1631, to be built in the memory of his wife, a princess who died giving birth to their 14th child,.
Construction started in 1632, and the mausoleum was completed in 1643, while the surrounding buildings and garden were finished five years later. The imperial court documenting Shah Jahan's grief after the death of illustrates the love story held as the inspiration for the Taj Mahal.
Architecture and design. Artistic depiction of Tomb The tomb is the central focus of the entire complex of the Taj Mahal. It is a large, white marble structure standing on a square and consists of a symmetrical building with an (an arch-shaped doorway) topped by a large dome. Like most Mughal tombs, the basic elements are Persian in origin. The base structure is a large multi-chambered cube with corners forming an unequal eight-sided structure that is approximately 55 metres (180 ft) on each of the four long sides. Each side of the iwan is framed with a huge or vaulted archway with two similarly shaped arched balconies stacked on either side.
This motif of stacked pishtaqs is replicated on the chamfered corner areas, making the design completely symmetrical on all sides of the building. Four minarets frame the tomb, one at each corner of the plinth facing the chamfered corners.
The main chamber houses the false of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan; the actual graves are at a lower level. Main marble dome, smaller domes, and decorative spires that extend from the edges of the base walls.
The most spectacular feature is the marble dome that surmounts the tomb. The dome is nearly 35 metres (115 ft) high which is close in measurement to the length of the base, and accentuated by the cylindrical 'drum' it sits on which is approximately 7 metres (23 ft) high.
Because of its shape, the dome is often called an or amrud (guava dome). The top is decorated with a design which also serves to accentuate its height. The shape of the dome is emphasised by four smaller domed (kiosks) placed at its corners, which replicate the onion shape of the main dome. The dome is slightly asymmetrical. Their columned bases open through the roof of the tomb and provide light to the interior. Tall decorative spires ( guldastas) extend from edges of base walls, and provide visual emphasis to the height of the dome.
The motif is repeated on both the chattris and guldastas. The dome and chattris are topped by a gilded which mixes traditional Persian and Hindustani decorative elements. The main finial was originally made of gold but was replaced by a copy made of gilded in the early 19th century. This feature provides a clear example of integration of traditional Persian and Hindu decorative elements. The finial is topped by a, a typical whose horns point.
The minarets, which are each more than 40 metres (130 ft) tall, display the designer's penchant for symmetry. They were designed as working minarets—a traditional element of mosques, used by the to call the Islamic faithful to prayer. Each minaret is effectively divided into three equal parts by two working balconies that ring the tower. At the top of the tower is a final balcony surmounted by a that mirrors the design of those on the tomb.
The chattris all share the same decorative elements of a lotus design topped by a gilded finial. The minarets were constructed slightly outside of the plinth so that in the event of collapse, a typical occurrence with many tall constructions of the period, the material from the towers would tend to fall away from the tomb. Exterior decorations The exterior decorations of the Taj Mahal are among the finest in Mughal architecture. As the surface area changes, the decorations are refined proportionally. The decorative elements were created by applying paint, stone inlays or carvings. In line with the Islamic prohibition against the use of anthropomorphic forms, the decorative elements can be grouped into either, abstract forms or vegetative motifs.
Throughout the complex are from the that comprise some of the decorative elements. Recent scholarship suggests that Amanat Khan chose the passages. The calligraphy on the Great Gate reads 'O Soul, thou art at rest.
Return to the Lord at peace with Him, and He at peace with you.' The calligraphy was created in 1609 by a calligrapher named. Shah Jahan conferred the title of 'Amanat Khan' upon him as a reward for his 'dazzling virtuosity.' Near the lines from the Qur'an at the base of the interior dome is the inscription, 'Written by the insignificant being, Amanat Khan Shirazi.' Much of the calligraphy is composed of florid script made of or black marble inlaid in white marble panels. Higher panels are written in slightly larger script to reduce the skewing effect when viewed from below.
The calligraphy found on the marble in the tomb is particularly detailed and delicate. Abstract forms are used throughout, especially in the plinth, minarets, gateway, mosque, jawab and, to a lesser extent, on the surfaces of the tomb. The domes and vaults of the sandstone buildings are worked with of to create elaborate geometric forms.
Inlays define the space between many of the adjoining elements. White inlays are used in sandstone buildings, and dark or black inlays on the white marbles. Mortared areas of the marble buildings have been stained or painted in a contrasting colour which creates a complex array of geometric patterns. Floors and walkways use contrasting or blocks in patterns. On the lower walls of the tomb are white marble sculpted with realistic depictions of flowers and vines.
The marble has been polished to emphasise the exquisite detailing of the carvings. The dado frames and archway have been decorated with inlays of highly stylised, almost geometric vines, flowers and fruits. The inlay stones are of yellow marble, jasper and jade, polished and levelled to the surface of the walls. Interior decoration The interior chamber of the Taj Mahal reaches far beyond traditional decorative elements. The inlay work is not pietra dura, but a of precious and semiprecious.
The inner chamber is an octagon with the design allowing for entry from each face, although only the door facing the garden to the south is used. The interior walls are about 25 metres (82 ft) high and are topped by a 'false' interior dome decorated with a sun motif. Eight pishtaq arches define the space at ground level and, as with the exterior, each lower pishtaq is crowned by a second pishtaq about midway up the wall. The four central upper arches form balconies or viewing areas, and each balcony's exterior window has an intricate screen or cut from marble. In addition to the light from the balcony screens, light enters through roof openings covered by chattris at the corners. The octagonal marble screen or jali bordering the cenotaphs is made from eight marble panels carved through with intricate pierce work.
The remaining surfaces are inlaid in delicate detail with semi-precious stones forming twining vines, fruits and flowers. Each chamber wall is highly decorated with dado bas-relief, intricate lapidary inlay and refined calligraphy panels which reflect, in little detail, the design elements seen throughout the exterior of the complex. Detail of jali. Muslim tradition forbids elaborate decoration of graves.
Hence, the bodies of Mumtaz and Shah Jahan were put in a relatively plain crypt beneath the inner chamber with their faces turned right, towards. Mumtaz Mahal's is placed at the precise centre of the inner chamber on a rectangular marble base of 1.5 by 2.5 metres (4 ft 11 in by 8 ft 2 in). Both the base and are elaborately inlaid with precious and semiprecious gems. Calligraphic inscriptions on the casket identify and praise Mumtaz.
On the lid of the casket is a raised rectangular lozenge meant to suggest a writing tablet. Shah Jahan's cenotaph is beside Mumtaz's to the western side and is the only visible asymmetric element in the entire complex. His cenotaph is bigger than his wife's, but reflects the same elements: a larger casket on a slightly taller base precisely decorated with lapidary and calligraphy that identifies him.
On the lid of the casket is a traditional sculpture of a small pen box. The pen box and writing tablet are traditional Mughal icons decorating the caskets of men and women respectively. Are calligraphic inscriptions on the sides of the actual tomb of Mumtaz Mahal. Other inscriptions inside the crypt include, 'O Noble, O Magnificent, O Majestic, O Unique, O Eternal, O Glorious.
The tomb of Shah Jahan bears a calligraphic inscription that reads; 'He travelled from this world to the banquet-hall of Eternity on the night of the twenty-sixth of the month of, in the year 1076.' Walkways beside reflecting pool The complex is set around a large 300-metre (980 ft) square. The garden uses raised pathways that divide each of the four quarters of the garden into 16 sunken or flowerbeds.
Halfway between the tomb and gateway in the centre of the garden is a raised marble water tank with a positioned on a north-south axis to reflect the image of the mausoleum. The elevated marble water tank is called al Hawd al-Kawthar in reference to the 'Tank of Abundance' promised to.
Elsewhere, the garden is laid out with avenues of trees labeled according to common and scientific names. The, a design inspired by, was introduced to India by, the first Mughal emperor. It symbolises the four flowing rivers of (Paradise) and reflects the derived from the Persian paridaeza, meaning 'walled garden.' In Islamic texts of the Mughal period, Paradise is described as an ideal garden of abundance with four rivers flowing from a central spring or mountain, separating the garden into north, west, south and east. Most Mughal charbaghs are rectangular with a tomb or in the centre.
The Taj Mahal garden is unusual in that the main element, the tomb, is located at the end of the garden. With the discovery of or 'Moonlight Garden' on the other side of the Yamuna, the interpretation of the is that the Yamuna river itself was incorporated into the garden's design and was meant to be seen as one of the rivers of Paradise. Similarities in layout and architectural features with suggests both gardens may have been designed by the same architect, Ali Mardan.
Early accounts of the garden describe its profusion of vegetation, including abundant,. As the Mughal Empire declined, the Taj Mahal and its gardens also declined. By the end of the 19th century, the controlled more than three-fifths of India, and assumed management of the Taj Mahal. They changed the landscaping to their liking which more closely resembled the formal lawns of London. Outlying buildings. The western building, a mosque, faces the tomb.
The Taj Mahal complex is bordered on three sides by red sandstone walls; the side facing the river is open. Outside the walls are several additional mausoleums, including those of Shah Jahan's other, and a larger tomb for Mumtaz's favourite servant. The main gateway ( darwaza) is a monumental structure built primarily of marble, and reminiscent of the Mughal architecture of earlier emperors. Its archways mirror the shape of the tomb's archways, and its pishtaq arches incorporate the calligraphy that decorates the tomb. The vaulted ceilings and walls have elaborate geometric designs like those found in the other sandstone buildings in the complex. At the far end of the complex are two grand red sandstone buildings that mirror each other, and face the sides of the tomb. The backs of the buildings parallel the western and eastern walls.
The western building is a mosque and the other is the jawab (answer), thought to have been constructed for architectural balance although it may have been used as a guesthouse. Distinctions between the two buildings include the jawab's lack of a (a niche in a mosque's wall facing Mecca), and its floors of geometric design whereas the floor of the mosque is laid with outlines of 569 prayer rugs in black marble. The mosque's basic design of a long hall surmounted by three domes is similar to others built by Shah Jahan, particularly the Masjid-i Jahān-Numā,.
The Mughal mosques of this period divide the hall into three areas comprising a main sanctuary and slightly smaller sanctuaries on either side. At the Taj Mahal, each sanctuary opens onto an expansive vaulting dome. The outlying buildings were completed in 1643. Taj Mahal and outlying buildings as seen from across the (northern view) Construction The Taj Mahal is built on a parcel of land to the south of the walled city of Agra.
Shah Jahan presented Maharajah Jai Singh with a large palace in the centre of Agra in exchange for the land. An area of roughly 1.2 hectares (3 acres) was excavated, filled with dirt to reduce seepage, and levelled at 50 metres (160 ft) above riverbank. In the tomb area, wells were dug and filled with stone and rubble to form the of the tomb. Instead of lashed, workmen constructed a colossal brick scaffold that mirrored the tomb.
The scaffold was so enormous that foremen estimated it would take years to dismantle. The Taj Mahal was constructed using materials from all over India and Asia. It is believed over 1,000 elephants were used to transport building materials. The translucent white marble was brought from, Rajasthan, the jasper from, and from China. The was from and the from, while the came from and the from.
In all, twenty-eight types of precious and semi-precious stones were inlaid into the white marble. According to the legend, Shah Jahan decreed that anyone could keep the bricks taken from the scaffold, and thus it was dismantled by peasants overnight. A 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) tamped-earth ramp was built to transport marble and materials to the construction site and teams of twenty or thirty oxen pulled the blocks on specially constructed wagons.
An elaborate pulley system was used to raise the blocks into desired position. Water was drawn from the river by a series of purs, an animal-powered rope and bucket mechanism, into a large storage tank and raised to a large distribution tank. It was passed into three subsidiary tanks, from which it was piped to the complex. The plinth and tomb took roughly 12 years to complete. The remaining parts of the complex took an additional 10 years and were completed in order of minarets, mosque and jawab, and gateway. Since the complex was built in stages, discrepancies exist in completion dates due to differing opinions on 'completion'. Construction of the mausoleum itself was essentially completed by 1643 while work continued on the outlying buildings continued for years.
Estimates of the cost of construction vary due to difficulties in estimating costs across time. The total cost at the time has been estimated to be about 32 million Indian rupees, which is around 52.8 billion Indian rupees ($827 million US) based on 2015 values. Later days Abdul Hamid Lahauri in his book refers to Taj Mahal as -i munawwara, meaning the illumined or illustrious tomb.
Soon after the Taj Mahal's completion, Shah Jahan was deposed by his son and put under house arrest at nearby. Upon Shah Jahan's death, Aurangzeb buried him in the mausoleum next to his wife. In the 18th century, the rulers of invaded Agra and attacked the Taj Mahal, the two chandeliers, one of agate and another of silver, which were hung over the main cenotaph, were taken away by them, along with the gold and silver screen. Kanbo, a Mughal historian, said the gold shield which covered the 4.6-metre-high (15 ft) finial at the top of the main dome was also removed during the Jat despoliation. By the late 19th century, parts of the buildings had fallen into disrepair. During the time of the, the Taj Mahal was defaced by British soldiers and government officials, who chiselled out precious stones and from its walls.
At the end of the 19th century, British ordered a sweeping restoration project, which was completed in 1908. He also commissioned the large lamp in the interior chamber, modelled after one in a mosque. During this time the garden was remodelled with British-style lawns that are still in place today. Protective wartime scaffolding In 1942, the government erected scaffolding to disguise the building in anticipation of air attacks by the. During the of 1965 and 1971, was again erected to mislead bomber pilots.
More recent threats have come from on the banks of the including due to the, which was opposed by directives. The pollution has been turning the Taj Mahal yellow. To help control the pollution, the Indian government has set up the (TTZ), a 10,400-square-kilometre (4,000 sq mi) area around the monument where strict emissions standards are in place. Concerns for the tomb's structural integrity have recently been raised because of a decline in the groundwater level in the basin which is falling at a rate of around 1.5 m (5 ft) per year. In 2010, cracks appeared in parts of the tomb, and the minarets which surround the monument were showing signs of tilting, as the wooden foundation of the tomb may be rotting due to lack of water. It has been pointed out by politicians, however, that the minarets are designed to tilt slightly outwards to prevent them from crashing on top of the tomb in the event of an earthquake. In 2011, it was reported that some predictions indicated that the tomb could collapse within five years.
Small minarets located at two of the outlying buildings were reported as damaged by a storm on April 11, 2018. Visitors at Taj Mahal The Taj Mahal attracts a large number of tourists. UNESCO documented more than 2 million visitors in 2001, which had increased to about 7–8 million in 2014. A two-tier pricing system is in place, with a significantly lower entrance fee for Indian citizens and a more expensive one for foreigners.
In 2018, the fee for Indian citizens was 50, for foreign tourists 1,100 INR. Most tourists visit in the cooler months of October, November and February. Polluting traffic is not allowed near the complex and tourists must either walk from parking lots or catch an electric bus. The Khawasspuras (northern courtyards) are currently being restored for use as a new visitor centre. The small town to the south of the Taj, known as Taj Ganji or Mumtazabad, was initially constructed with, and markets to serve the needs of visitors and workers. Lists of recommended travel destinations often feature the Taj Mahal, which also appears in several listings of of the modern world, including the recently announced, a recent poll with 100 million votes. The grounds are open from 06:00 to 19:00 weekdays, except for Friday when the complex is open for prayers at the mosque between 12:00 and 14:00.
The complex is open for night viewing on the day of the full moon and two days before and after, excluding Fridays and the month of. For security reasons only five items—water in transparent bottles, small video cameras, still cameras, mobile phones and small ladies' purses—are allowed inside the Taj Mahal. Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, one of the first European visitors to the Taj Mahal Ever since its construction, the building has been the source of an admiration transcending culture and geography, and so personal and emotional responses have consistently eclipsed scholastic appraisals of the monument.
A longstanding myth holds that Shah Jahan planned a to be built in black marble as a across the Yamuna river. The idea originates from fanciful writings of, a European traveller who visited Agra in 1665. It was suggested that his son Aurangzeb overthrew Shah Jahan before it could be built. Ruins of blackened marble across the river in Moonlight Garden, Mahtab Bagh, seemed to support this legend. However, excavations carried out in the 1990s found that they were discoloured white stones that had turned black.
A more credible theory for the origins of the black mausoleum was demonstrated in 2006 by archaeologists who reconstructed part of the pool in the Moonlight Garden. A dark reflection of the white mausoleum could clearly be seen, befitting Shah Jahan's obsession with symmetry and the positioning of the pool itself. No evidence exists for claims that describe, often in horrific detail, the deaths, dismemberments and mutilations which Shah Jahan supposedly inflicted on various architects and craftsmen associated with the tomb.
Some stories claim that those involved in construction signed contracts committing themselves to have no part in any similar design. Similar claims are made for many famous buildings. No evidence exists for claims that, governor-general of India in the 1830s, supposedly planned to demolish the Taj Mahal and auction off the marble. Bentinck's biographer John Rosselli says that the story arose from Bentinck's fund-raising sale of discarded marble from Agra Fort.
Another myth suggests that beating the silhouette of the finial will cause water to come forth. To this day, officials find broken surrounding the silhouette. In 2000, India's Supreme Court dismissed 's petition to declare that a Hindu king built the Taj Mahal. In 2005 a similar petition was dismissed by the. This case was brought by Amar Nath Mishra, a social worker and preacher who says that the Taj Mahal was built by the Hindu King Parmar Dev in 1196. As of 2017, several court cases about Taj Mahal being a Hindu temple have been inspired by Oak's theory. In August 2017, (ASI) stated there was no evidence to suggest the monument ever housed a temple.
A theory that the Taj Mahal was designed by an Italian, Geronimo Vereneo, held sway for a brief period after it was first promoted by Henry George Keene in 1879 who went by a translation of a Spanish work Itinerario, ( The Travels of Fray Sebastian Manrique, 1629-1643). Another theory that a Frenchman, Austin of Bordeaux designed the Taj was promoted by based on the work of.
These idea were revived by Father Hosten and discussed again by E.B. Havell and served as the basis for subsequent theories and controversies.
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Grieving emperor who built the Taj Mahal for his late wife by David Johnson In 1612, a teenage girl, Arjumand Banu, married 15-year-old, ruler of the Empire. Renamed Mumtaz Mahal, she bore Shah Jahan 14 children and became his favorite wife. After Mumtaz died in 1629, the grieving emperor resolved to create a fitting monument. It took 20,000 workers and 1,000 elephants nearly 20 years to complete this monument-the. Built of white marble, the Taj sits on a sandstone platform.
A 137-foot high dome tops the mausoleum. The interior is lavishly decorated in lapis lazuli, turquoise, agate, jasper, and colored marble. The exterior is paved with semiprecious stones that sparkle in the sun. The surrounding garden contains four water channels representing the four rivers of Islamic paradise. Shah Jahan was never able to complete a black marble mausoleum he planned for himself.
Deposed by his son, Shah Jahan was imprisoned in the Red Fort of Agra, and spent lonely hours staring across the Jamuna River at the monument to his beloved queen. He was eventually buried beside her in the Taj Mahal.
In the memory of Shah Jahan, in the memory of Mumtaz, the world's strange Taj Mahal, his death was extremely painful. After battling for 14 hours of child labor for 30 hours, on 17th June 1631, he would give up life while agonizing.
Historian Abdul Hamid Lahore and Amir Saleh have recorded this poignant incident in the judiciary. Afzar Ahmed, author of Taj Mahal or Mami Mahal, has described those painful moments in his book. According to historians, Shah Jahan was very much loved by Mumtaz. He did not want to go away except Mumtaz. In Deccan (South India), Khan had to go to Burhanpur to control Lodi's rebellion. Then Mumtaz was pregnant In spite of Mumtaz's full time pregnancy, Shahjahan took him 787 kilometers from Agra to Dhaulpur, Gwalior, Marwar Sironj, Hondia, to Burhanpur.
There was a military campaign here. Mumtaz was very tired due to the long journey, and its impact was on her pregnancy. Mumtaz started to complain.
On 16th of June, 1631, Mumtaz was suffering from childbirth. This was the 17th of the month of Islami G. Mumtaz was suffering from child labor, at that time Shah Jahan was making a strategy after the Deccan's abolishment. He got a report of Mumtaz's poor condition During this he did not go to Mumtaz.
He instructed the midwives to send. Mumtaz was badly troubled by the midday of Tuesday morning till midnight on Wednesday.
Shahi Hakim Wazir Khan was present with him. She had already lived during childbirth. After 30 hours of hard work, a daughter, Gauhar Ara, was born on the midnight of Mumtaz. But Mumtaz was helpless. After the birth of the child Mumtaz began to tremble badly and her pains began to cool down. The midwives and Hakim could not stop the excessive bleeding from Mumtaz's body.
She was curious. Here, Shahjahan sent many messengers from his room, but no one came back.
The night was over. It was time for a pawn from midnight. Shahjahan himself decided to go to Haram, then he came to the message, 'Begum is fine but he is very tired, after giving birth to the baby, Mumtaz has gone into deep sleep and he should not be disturbed.' Shah Jahan then went inside to his room to sleep. She was only asleep when her daughter reached where Aara arrived. Meanwhile, Mumtaz, who was tortured, sent his daughter to Aurora to call her father Shah Jahan.
When Shah Jahan reached Haram, he found Mumtaz surrounded by the authorities. Mumtaz was stammering He was close to death. At the time of arrival of Shah Jahan, all the people left the room except the royal Hakim. Mumtaz opened his eyes after hearing the King's voice. Mumtaz's eyes were full of tears. Shah Jahan sat near Mumtaz's head. Mumtaz took two promises from Shahjahan at the last moment.
The first promise was about not getting married. While the second promise was to build a tomb that is unique. Mumtaz's life passed out shortly after the morning, before Mumtaz died.
Mughal historian Abdul Hamid Lahore has written in the King's Letters, 'The queen died in the 40th year, she had 14 children (8 boys and 6 girls). Sati who cared for Mumtaz, Nisa, wrapped her dead body in cotton linings. In spite of Islamic teachings, women were crying and crying badly at her death.
Mumtaz's death was not only the king but the entire Burhanpur became impatient. The walls of the fort raise the voices of women crying. Mumtaz's dead body was buried at Jainabagh on the banks of Tapti river on a bailable (temporary) basis. After 12 years of the death, the body was buried in the Taj Mahal under the construction of Agra.
Mumtaz Mahal Cause Of Death
Agra Spouse Issue (by marriage) Father Mother Diwanji Begum Religion Mumtaz Mahal ((; meaning 'the Exalted One of the palace'; Arjumand Banu; 27 April 1593 – 17 June 1631) was of the from 19 January 1628 to 17 June 1631 as the chief consort of the Mughal emperor. The in, often cited as one of the, was commissioned to act as her final resting place. Mumtaz Mahal was born Arjumand Banu Begum in to a family of. She was the daughter of, a wealthy Persian noble who held high office in the Mughal Empire, and the niece of Empress, the chief wife of Emperor and the power behind the emperor.
Love Story In Hindi
She was married at the age of 19 on 30 April 1612 to Prince Khurram, later known by his regnal name Shah Jahan, who conferred upon her the title 'Mumtaz Mahal'. Although to Shah Jahan since 1607, she ultimately became his second wife in 1612. Mumtaz and her husband had fourteen children, including (Shah Jahan's favourite daughter), and the Crown prince, the, anointed by his father, who temporarily succeeded him, until deposed by Mumtaz Mahal's sixth child, who ultimately succeeded his father as the sixth in 1658. The taj mahal (Mumtaz mahal's grave) was meant to be made out of black marble and on the other side of the river. Mumtaz Mahal died in 1631 in, (present-day ), during the birth of her fourteenth child, a daughter named.
Shah Jahan had the Taj Mahal built as a tomb for her, which is considered to be a monument of undying love. Contents. Family and early life Mumtaz Mahal (Original Name: Arjumand Banu Begum) was born on 27 April 1593 in Agra to Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan and his wife Diwanji Begum, the daughter of a Persian noble, Khwaja Ghias-ud-din of. Asaf Khan was a wealthy Persian noble who held high office in the Mughal Empire. His family had come to impoverished in 1577, when his father (popularly known by his title of I'timad-ud-Daulah), was taken into the service of Emperor in Agra. Asaf Khan was also the older brother of Empress, making Mumtaz a niece, and later, a step daughter-in-law of Nur Jahan, the chief consort of Emperor, Shah Jahan's father.
Her older sister, Parwar Khanum, married Sheikh Farid, the son of Nawab, the governor of, who was also the emperor Jahangir's foster brother. Mumtaz also had a brother, who served as the governor of various provinces in the empire during Shah Jahan's reign. Mumtaz was remarkable in the field of learning and was a talented and cultured lady. She was well-versed in and languages and could compose poems in the latter. She was reputed to have a combination of modesty and candor, a woman warmly straightforward yet bemusedly self-possessed.
Early in adolescence, she attracted the attention of important nobles of the realm. Jahangir must have heard about her, since he readily consented to Shah Jahan's engagement with her. Marriage. Mumtaz Mahal with an attendant. Mumtaz Mahal was betrothed to Shah Jahan around 30 January 1607, when she was 14 years old at the time and he was 15.
They were, however, married five years after the year of their betrothal on 30 April 1612 in Agra. The marriage was a real love-match. After their wedding celebrations, Shah Jahan, 'finding her in appearance and character elect among all the women of the time', gave her the title 'Mumtaz Mahal' Begum ('the Exalted One of the Palace'). During the intervening years between their betrothal and marriage, Shah Jahan had married his first wife, Princess in 1609 and in 1617, after marrying Mumtaz, took a third wife, (titled Akbarabadi Mahal), the daughter of a prominent Mughal courtier.
According to the official court historians, both the marriages were political alliances. By all accounts, Shah Jahan was so taken with Mumtaz that he showed little interest in exercising his rights with his two other wives, other than dutifully siring a child with each. According to the official court chronicler, Motamid Khan, as recorded in his Iqbal Namah-e-Jahangiri, the relationship with his other wives 'had nothing more than the status of marriage. The intimacy, deep affection, attention and favour which Shah Jahan had for Mumtaz exceeded what he felt for his other wives.' Likewise, Shah Jahan's historian Inayat Khan commented that 'his whole delight was centered on this illustrious lady Mumtaz, to such an extent that he did not feel towards the others i.e. His other wives one-thousandth part of the affection that he did for her.'
Mumtaz had a loving marriage with Shah Jahan. Even during her lifetime, poets would extol her beauty, grace, and compassion. Despite her frequent pregnancies, Mumtaz travelled with Shah Jahan's entourage throughout his earlier military campaigns and the subsequent rebellion against his father.
She was his constant companion and trusted confidant, leading court historians to go to unheard lengths to document the intimate and erotic relationship the couple enjoyed. In their nineteen years of marriage, they had fourteen children together (eight sons and six daughters), seven of whom died at birth or at a very young age.
Mughal empress Upon his accession to the throne in 1628, Shah Jahan designated Mumtaz as his chief empress with the title of 'Malika-i-Jahan' ('Queen of the World') and 'Malika-uz-Zamani' ('Queen of the Age'). Mumtaz's tenure as empress was brief (spanning a period of only three years due to her untimely death), nonetheless Shah Jahan bestowed her with luxuries that no other empress was given before her.
For example, no other empress' residence was as decorated as Khas Mahal (part of ), where Mumtaz lived with Shah Jahan. It was decorated with pure gold and precious stones and had rose water fountains of its own. Each wife of the Mughal emperor was given a regular monthly allowance for her gastos (housekeeping or travelling expenses).
The highest allowance on record is the 10 per year given to Mumtaz Mahal by Shah Jahan. Shah Jahan consulted Mumtaz in both private matters and the affairs of the state, and she served as his close confidant and trusted adviser. At her intercession, he forgave enemies or commuted death sentences. His trust in her was so great that he gave her the highest honour of the land — his imperial seal, the Mehr Uzaz, which validated imperial decrees. Mumtaz was portrayed as having no aspirations to political power, in contrast to her aunt, Empress, the chief consort of Emperor Jahangir, who had wielded considerable influence in the previous reign. A great influence on him, often intervening on behalf of the poor and destitute, she also enjoyed watching elephant and combat fights performed for the court. Mumtaz also patronized a number of poets, scholars and other talented persons.
A noted poet, Vansidhara Mishra, was the Empress' favourite. On the recommendation of her principal lady-in-waiting, Sati-un-Nissa, Mumtaz Mahal provided pensions and donations to the daughters of poor scholars, theologians, and pious men.
It was quite common for women of noble birth to commission architecture in the Mughal Empire, so Mumtaz devoted some time to a riverside garden in Agra, which is now known as Zahara Bagh. It is the only architectural foundation which can be connected to her patronage. Death and aftermath.
Mumtaz Mahal Death
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the is the final resting place of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan. Mumtaz Mahal died from in on 17 June 1631 while giving birth to her fourteenth child, after a prolonged labor of approximately 30 hours. She had been accompanying her husband while he was fighting a campaign in the.
Her body was temporarily buried at in a walled pleasure garden known as Zainabad originally constructed by Shah Jahan's uncle on the bank of the. The contemporary court chroniclers paid an unusual amount of attention to Mumtaz Mahal's death and Shah Jahan's grief at her demise. In the immediate aftermath of his bereavement, the emperor was reportedly inconsolable. Apparently after her death, he went into secluded mourning for a year.
When he appeared again, his hair had turned white, his back was bent, and his face worn. Mumtaz's eldest daughter, gradually brought her father out of grief and took her mother's place at court. Mahal's personal fortune (valued at ten million rupees) was divided by Shah Jahan between Jahanara Begum, who received half and the rest of her surviving children. Burhanpur was never intended by her husband as his wife's final resting spot.
As a result, her body was disinterred in December 1631 and transported in a golden casket escorted by her son Shah Shuja and the deceased empress's head lady-in-waiting back to Agra. There it was interred in a small building on the banks of the Yamuna River. Shah Jahan stayed behind in Burhanpur to conclude the military campaign that had originally brought him to the region. While there, he began planning the design and construction of a suitable mausoleum and funerary garden in Agra for his wife.
It was a task that would take 22 years to complete: the. Tomb of Mumtaz Mahal in the, alongside her husband Shah Jahan. The was commissioned by Shah Jahan to be built as a mausoleum for Mumtaz Mahal.
It is seen as an embodiment of undying love and marital devotion. English poet describes it as 'Not a piece of architecture, as other buildings are, but the proud passion of an emperor's love wrought in living stones.' The beauty of the monument is also taken as a representation of Mumtaz Mahal's beauty and this association leads many to describe the Taj Mahal as feminine.
Since Muslim tradition forbids elaborate decorations on graves, the bodies of Mumtaz and Shah Jahan are placed in a relatively plain crypt beneath the inner chamber with their faces turned to the right and towards. Are found as calligraphic inscriptions on the sides of the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal in the crypt including, “O Noble, O Magnificent, O Majestic, O Unique, O Eternal, O Glorious'. There are many theories about the origin of the name of this tomb and one of them suggests that 'Taj' is an abbreviation of the name Mumtaz. European travelers, such as, who observed its construction, were among the first to call it the Taj Mahal.
Since it is unlikely that they came up with the name, it is suggested that they might have picked it up from the locals of Agra who called the Empress 'Taj Mahal' and thought the tomb was named after her and the name began to be used interchangeably. However, there is no firm evidence to suggest this. Shah Jahan had not intended to entomb another person in the Taj Mahal; however, had Shah Jahan buried next to the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal rather than build a separate tomb for his father.
This is evident from the asymmetrical placement of Shah Jahan's grave on one side of his wife's grave which is in the centre. In popular culture A crater was named in her honour on, along with another one after her husband. Literature. 's novel Beloved Empress Mumtaz Mahal (1996) is based on the life of Mumtaz Mahal. It is a reconstruction of the life of Arjumand Banu (later Mumtaz Mahal) through the purported memoirs of her principal lady-in-waiting, Sati-un-Nissa, from the fairytale meeting of Arjumand Banu and Shah Jahan, to their marriage and eventful life together.
Arjumand Banu (Mumtaz Mahal) is a principal character in 's novel The Feast of Roses (2003) as well as in its sequel Shadow Princess (2010). Mumtaz Mahal is a main character in Sonja Chandrachud's novel Trouble at the Taj (2011). Mumtaz Mahal is a principal character in John Shors' novel Beneath a Marble Sky (2013). In the book, her daughter, Princess Jahanara, tells the extraordinary story of how the Taj Mahal came to be, describing her own life as an agent in its creation and as a witness to the fateful events surrounding its completion. Mumtaz Mahal is a main character in Ruchir Gupta's novel Mistress of the Throne (2014). A cat named after Mumtaz Mahal ('Princess Arjumand') plays a major role in 's 1997 novel.
Films. Actress played the role of young Mumtaz Mahal in 's film (1941). Mumtaz Mahal was portrayed by actress Nasreen in 's film (1946). portrayed Mumtaz Mahal in M.
Sadiq's film (1963). portrayed Mumtaz Mahal in 's film (2005). Other media.
Mumtaz Mahal was the inspiration behind the popular perfume (1921). Name Portrait Lifespan Notes Hur-un-Nisa Begum 3March 1613 - 5 June 1616 Died of at the age of 3. Padshah Begum 23 March 1614 - 16 September 1681 Shah Jahan's favourite and most influential daughter. Jahanara became the First Lady of the Mughal Empire after her mother's death, despite the fact that her father had three other consorts. She died unmarried. Padshahzada-i-Buzurg Martaba, Jalal ul-Kadir, Sultan Muhammad Dara Shikoh, Shah-i-Buland Iqbal 20 March 1615 - 30 August 1659 The eldest son.
He was favoured as a successor by his father, Shah Jahan, and his elder sister, Princess Jahanara Begum, but was defeated and later killed by his younger brother, Prince Muhiuddin (later the Emperor ), in a bitter struggle for the imperial throne. He married and had issue. 23 June 1616 - 7 February 1661 He survived in the war of succession.
He married and had issue. Padshah Begum 3 September 1617 - 11 September 1671 She was the most influential of Shah Jahan's daughters after Jahanara Begum and sided with Aurangzeb during the war of succession. She died unmarried. Mughal emperor 3 November 1618 - 3 March 1707 Succeeded his father as the sixth Mughal emperor after emerging victorious in the war of succession that took place after Shah Jahan's illness in 1657. He married and had issue. Izad Bakhsh 18 December 1619 - February/March 1621 Died in infancy.
Surayya Banu Begum 10 June 1621 - 28 April 1628 Died of at the age of 7. Unnamed son 1622 Died soon after birth. 8 October 1624 - 14 December 1661 He was executed in 1661 as per Aurangzeb's orders.
He married and had issue. Lutf Allah 4 November 1626 - 13 May 1628 Died at the age of one and a half years. Daulat Afza 8 May 1628 - 13 May 1629 Died in infancy. Husn Ara Begum 23 April 1630 - 1629 Died in infancy. 17 June 1631 - 1675 Mumtaz died while giving birth to her on 17 June 1631 in.
She died unmarried. Ancestry.